From the American Academy of Ophthalmology

Investigators evaluated the value of a complete ophthalmic examination at first presentation in predicting the need for surgery in patients with pediatric orbital cellulitis. Subjects included 136 children with radiographically confirmed orbital cellulitis seen at a single hospital over an 8-year period. They found that the need for surgery can be estimated on initial presentation, and that the factors predictive of a high risk for failure of medical management include, age older than 9 years, proptosis, extraocular motility restriction, and elevated IOP. American Journal of Ophthalmology, August 2014